Kim Dung, vua kiếm hiệp qua đời, thọ 94 tuổi

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Kim Dung, vua kiếm hiệp qua đời, thọ 94 tuổi

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  •           

    Kim Dung, vua kiếm hiệp qua đời, thọ 94 tuổi


    Kim Dung, qua đời năm 94 tuổi. (Hình: Chinaculture.org)




    HỒNG KÔNG (NV)
    – Kim Dung (Jin Yong), tiểu thuyết gia nổi tiếng với hàng loạt tác phẩm võ hiệp như “Anh Hùng Xạ Điêu,” “Thần Điêu Đại Hiệp,” “Ỷ Thiên Đồ Long”… vừa qua đời ở tuổi 94, sau thời gian dài chiến đấu với bệnh tật, theo Apple Daily News.

    Con rể của ông là Ng Wai Cheong xác nhận thông tin này với South China Morning Post.

    Tiểu Thuyết Gia Kim Dung, tên thật là Tra Lương Dung, qua đời tại bệnh viện Hồng Kông.

    Ông sinh năm 1924 tại tỉnh Chiết Giang, Trung Quốc, trong một gia tộc khoa bảng với ông cố là nhà thơ nổi tiếng còn ông nội là tri huyện Đan Dương ở tỉnh Giang Tô.

    Ông là tác giả tiểu thuyết võ hiệp xuất sắc nhất thế kỷ 20, được mệnh danh là “võ lâm minh chủ.” Ông cũng là người sáng lập tờ Minh Báo nổi tiếng tại Hồng Kông.

    Các cuốn tiểu thuyết kiếm hiệp nổi tiếng nhất của ông là “Anh Hùng Xạ Điêu,” “Thần Điêu Đại Hiệp,” “Ỷ Thiên Đồ Long Ký,” “Lộc Đỉnh Ký,” “Tiếu Ngạo Giang Hồ,” “Thiên Long Bát Bộ”…

    Ông được coi là một trong những nhà báo, nhà văn và nhân vật mang tầm ảnh hưởng xã hội lớn nhất tại Trung Quốc và cộng đồng người Hoa nhiều thập niên. Ông hoàn tất tiểu thuyết võ hiệp đầu tiên của mình là “Thư Kiếm Ân Cừu Lục” trên tờ New Evening Post vào năm 1955 với bút danh Kim Dung và lập tức gặt hái thành công vang dội.

    Ông tiếp tục viết 14 bộ tiểu thuyết võ hiệp khác, với tác phẩm cuối cùng là “Lộc Đỉnh Ký” (1972).

    Các tiểu thuyết của ông được độc giả trên khắp thế giới đón nhận, và là nguồn cảm hứng cho vô số tác phẩm điện ảnh, chương trình phát thanh cho đến trò chơi điện tử, tạo ra làn sóng văn hóa đặc trưng của Hồng Kông trong nhiều thập niên.

    Ông nằm trong số những nhà văn Trung Quốc có tác phẩm bán chạy nhất mọi thời đại. Sách của ông đã được in hơn 300 triệu bản.

    Sau khi kết thúc những bộ truyện kiếm hiệp cuối cùng vào thập niên 1970, Kim Dung bắt tay chỉnh sửa nhiều tác phẩm trước đó của mình. Ông tiếp tục tung hoành trong làng văn chương võ hiệp Trung Quốc với hàng loạt tác phẩm tái bản từ năm 1999 cho đến khi thật sự gác bút vào năm 2006, theo Taiwan News.


    Ngoài sự nghiệp văn học đồ sộ, ông còn nổi tiếng trong vai trò sáng lập tờ Minh Báo của Hồng Kông vào năm 1959, giữ vị trí chủ bút cho đến khi về hưu vào năm 1989 khi đã quá nửa lục tuần.

    Kim Dung có năm người trong dòng họ từng làm quan dưới các triều vua Thanh – Khang Hy và Ung Chính. Ông là hậu duệ trực hệ của một trong số họ, thư pháp gia Tra Thăng, lớn lên trong một ngôi nhà có tấm hoành phi được đích thân vua Khang Hy ban tặng.

    Ông là con thứ hai trong gia đình bảy anh chị em và mê đọc sách từ nhỏ.



    Kim Dung trong buổi nói chuyện tại Đại Học Bắc Kinh.
    (Hình: China Photos/Getty Images)



    Trong một tác phẩm có tính chất tự truyện hiếm hoi, Kim Dung viết về tuổi thơ giàu sang của ông, một sự trái ngược với những bất công trong xã hội Trung Quốc đương thời.

    Năm 1939, ông xuất bản cuốn sách đầu tiên khi 15 tuổi; là sách hướng dẫn thi vào trung học mà ông tổng hợp cùng hai người bạn. Sách bán chạy, mang về đủ tiền cho cả ba theo học đại học tại Trùng Khánh.

    Năm 1941, ông bị đuổi học vì viết một bài báo tường với nội dung châm biếm, nhưng hiệu trưởng giúp ông chuyển sang trường khác. Năm 1948, ông tốt nghiệp cử nhân luật quốc tế tại Đại Học Tô Châu, Thượng Hải.

    Trong thời gian thực tập, ông làm phóng viên cho nhật báo Đông Nam tại Hàng Châu năm 1946, và chuyển sang tờ Đại Công Báo ở Thượng Hải làm biên dịch tin quốc tế năm 1947. Năm 1948, ông làm việc tại văn phòng của Đại Công Báo ở Hồng Kông.

    Sau khi nước Cộng Hòa Nhân Dân Trung Hoa thành lập năm 1949, cha ông bị coi là cường hào địa chủ và bị xử tử. Nhận được tin cha mất, ông “ở Hồng Kông khóc 3 ngày 3 đêm, và u buồn trong suốt nửa năm,” ông viết trong “Nguyệt Vân.”

    Với suy nghĩ “kẻ yếu thế không nên bị áp bức,” ông bắt đầu viết tiểu thuyết võ hiệp. Trong các tác phẩm của mình, ông kết hợp yếu tố cá nhân và yếu tố chính trị, những câu chuyện tuổi thơ và những chủ đề lớn.

    Ông kết hôn ba lần. Người vợ đầu của ông là Đỗ Dã Phân, một phụ nữ khuê các. Họ làm đám cưới năm 1948 và ly hôn trong thập niên 1950.

    Người vợ thứ hai là phóng viên Chu Mai. Họ có với nhau hai trai, hai gái. Cuộc hôn nhân bắt đầu tan vỡ khoảng năm 1976, thời điểm đứa con trai 19 tuổi tự tử khi đang theo học năm nhất đại học ở Mỹ. “Đời sống hôn nhân của tôi có lẽ đã ảnh hưởng đến nó, tôi đã khiến nó thất vọng,” Kim Dung nói. (ĐG)


    Nguồn:https://www.nguoi-viet.com







              
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Re: Kim Dung, vua kiếm hiệp qua đời, thọ 94 tuổi

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Người dân thành Tương Dương thắp nến nhớ Kim Dung


  • Một nhóm độc giả hẹn nhau tới tường cổ ở tỉnh Hồ Bắc, Trung Quốc sau khi nhà văn qua đời.

    Cái tên thành Tương Dương xuất hiện vô số lần trong các tiểu thuyết của Kim Dung như Thần điêu đại hiệp, Anh hùng xạ điêu. Hai nhân vật Quách Tĩnh, Hoàng Dung gắn với nhiều trường đoạn miêu tả các trận chiến ở đây. Họ trấn thủ thành trước quân Mông Cổ tới hơi thở cuối cùng.














Khung cảnh thành Tương Dương.



          
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Re: Kim Dung, vua kiếm hiệp qua đời, thọ 94 tuổi

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  •           





    Hong Kong wuxia legend Louis Cha ‘Jin Yong’
    battled liver cancer and dementia in twilight years,
    friend says
    • Fellow writer Chip Tsao recalls final moments in hospital with celebrated author and journalist
      Cha’s eyes ‘lit up’ as Tsao updated him on world events in their native Shanghainese

    __________________________________________
    UPDATED : Thursday, 01 November, 2018, 9:23am
    Ernest Kao




    Legendary Hong Kong martial arts novelist Louis Cha Leung-yung had been suffering from liver cancer and dementia in his twilight years, friend and fellow writer Chip Tsao revealed on Tuesday night.

    Cha, also known by his pen name Jin Yong, died at the Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital in Happy Valley with friends and family at his bedside that afternoon, aged 94.

    The respected journalist, who co-founded the Ming Pao newspaper group, was a celebrated author whose novels in the wuxia genre – featuring chivalrous tales of kung fu masters in ancient China – made him a household name both at home and among the global Chinese diaspora.

    He was arguably the world’s most popular Chinese novelist.




    In a Facebook post on Tuesday night, Tsao said he had last spoken to Cha in hospital last week and updated him about world events in their native Shanghainese tongue.

    “His eyes lit up bright, and he was holding my hand. I told him what the date was and what had been happening between China and the United States,” he wrote. “He listened with rapt attention, like an innocent child.”

    Tsao said he visited again on Monday, but Cha was asleep. He had planned to return the following afternoon but did not make it in time.

    Speaking on his nightly programme on Commercial Radio later that evening, Tsao said Cha’s contributions to the martial arts genre were unquestionable, and he had broken traditional moulds and stereotypes.




    The writer’s son, Andrew Cha, expressed thanks for the words of consolation given to the family and apologised for not being able to answer all phone calls and messages.

    He posted a collage of his father’s photos on WeChat, accompanied by a couplet describing the literary great as being inclusive, open to all ideas and full of “chivalrous passion”.



              

    Novelist Louis Cha holding a copy of ‘Book and Sword, Gratitude and Revenge’ at his office in 2002. Photo: Reuters

              


              

              


    Bong Miquiabas speaks with Zhou Xin, SCMP political economy editor, about Louis Cha. How he grew up in the village that was the setting for Cha's first novel, the importance of wuxia fiction in Chinese culture, the massive cross-generational popularity of his books in China and how it's wrong to consider Cha as 'the Chinese Tolkien'. He also talks about Cha's career as a journalist, and the important milestones in his career as editor of Ming Pao, such as his coverage of the flood of migrants to Hong Kong from mainland China and his famous front-page editorial opposing nuclear weapons. Zhou Xin also reflects Cha reconciling his relationship with China, after his father was executed during the Cultural Revolution, and his relationship with Deng Xiaoping.

              

    https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/pol ... cancer-and
              
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  •           





    Louis Cha ‘Jin Yong’,
    the man who united Chinese in name of chivalry
    • Tributes pour in from all over the world for the author whose life was as legendary as the characters he created
      Writer will continue to inspire readers for generations to come

    _________________________________________________
    UPDATED : Thursday, 01 November, 2018, 9:21am
    SCMP Editorial






    No one arguably has had such an extensive and profound impact on the Chinese-speaking world as Louis Cha Leung-yung, known by his nom de plume Jin Yong. From popular culture to academic studies, from the press to politics, Cha has influenced generations in different spheres. That is why tributes continue to pour in after the 94-year-old died in Hong Kong on Tuesday.

    To say that Cha was the most prominent contemporary Chinese writer is by no means an overstatement. Not only did he epitomise the literary genre of wuxia, an imaginary world of ancient Chinese heroes well-versed in martial arts, his novels were read by both the man in the street and state leaders, including Deng Xiaoping, with hundreds of millions of copies sold. They transcend all boundaries, uniting both local and overseas Chinese communities. Starting as a modest serial in a local evening newspaper in the 1950s, Cha’s novels became immensely popular, so much so that they spawned films, TV and radio dramas, comics, stamps and video games. They even earned a place in the city’s heritage museum and became a subject of study. Admittedly, his stories may not have been readily appreciated by non-Chinese as they were often in a classical literary style intertwined with complex historical, cultural and religious references, but that did not deter keen publishers from translating some titles into English.

    Cha’s personal life was just as legendary as the protagonists he created. Born into a prominent family in Hangzhou, he became a journalist and was dispatched to Hong Kong, where he co-founded the local Chinese language newspaper Ming Pao Daily News. He temporarily left the city following attacks during the 1967 riots. His three marriages, degrees, literary awards and political appointments made him a much talked about figure.

    He was a key member of the body tasked to map out the city’s post-handover blueprint, but the proposal he co-authored with another Basic Law drafter – which called for a referendum on the pace of universal suffrage some 15 years after 1997 – was criticised as too conservative. However, his fair and inclusive approach towards politics did earn him wide respect. Thanks to the opening up of the mainland in the 1980s, his novels became widely available across the border. Steeped in virtues such as chivalry, integrity, love and friendship, they were credited for filling moral gaps in the wake of the Cultural Revolution.

    The bestselling author once said he would be pleased if his books were still read for the sake of posterity. Given his popularity and influence, this is a foregone conclusion. As the saying goes, “when there are Chinese people, there will be Jin Yong”.


              

    Louis Cha Leung-yung’s novels became immensely popular, so much so that they spawned films, TV and radio dramas, comics, stamps and video games. Photo: SCMP

              


    https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-op ... e-chivalry
              
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  •           




    Tributes pour in for Chinese literary giant Louis Cha ‘Jin Yong’,
    the ‘greatest epic writer of our time who embodied the martial arts spirit’
    • Cha died in Hong Kong, aged 94, after a long illness
      His novels transcended political, geographical and ideological barriers for Chinese readers

    _______________________________________________________
    UPDATED : Thursday, 01 November, 2018, 9:23am
    Ng Kang-chung







    Tributes have been pouring in for Hong Kong martial arts novelist Louis Cha Leung-yung, the world’s most popular Chinese writer, who died on Tuesday after a long illness. He was 94.

    His son-in-law, Dr Ng Wai-cheong, said the literary giant was surrounded by family members when he died in the afternoon, while the Chinese-language Ming Pao newspaper, founded by Cha, confirmed he breathed his last at the Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital.

              

    Cha at his office in North Point in 1997. Photo: Martin Chan

              

    Cha was a respected journalist, community leader, and, above all, a celebrated author whose novels in the wuxia genre – featuring chivalrous tales of kung fu masters in ancient China – made him a household name both at home and among the global Chinese diaspora.

    His work transcended political, geographical and ideological barriers, with well over 100 million copies sold worldwide and countless adaptations into media ranging from films to video games.

              

    Cha’s martial arts novels proved hugely popular around the world. Photo: K. Y. Cheng

              

    In 1955, he published his first martial arts novel, The Book and the Sword, in the New Evening Post, under the pen name Jin Yong. It was an instant success and he went on to write 14 hugely popular martial arts novels, ending with The Deer and the Cauldron in 1972.

    He was universally regarded as the most influential Chinese martial arts novelist of the 20th century.

              

    As well as novels, Cha also wrote editorials. Photo: K. Y. Cheng

              

    Chief Executive Carrie Lam Cheng Yuet-ngor, on a visit to Japan, issued a statement expressing “deep sorrow” over Cha’s death and calling him “a learned man and an acclaimed writer”.

    “He founded [newspaper] Ming Pao in his early years and also wrote editorials with constructive comments for society, earning the respect of the sector,” the statement added.

    “I was grieved to learn of [Cha’s] passing. On behalf of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, I would like to extend my deepest condolences to his family.”

    Also among the first to react to the news was billionaire Jack Ma, a lifelong lover of martial arts and chairman of e-commerce giant Alibaba, which owns the South China Morning Post.

    “It’s a huge loss for Chinese people around the world, and it’s especially sad for us at Alibaba as we have embraced his writings as part of our corporate culture,” Ma said, referring to the old company practice of employees giving themselves nicknames drawn from characters in Cha’s novels.

    The two met in Hangzhou in China in 2000 and remained good friends.

    “The wuxia spirit promoted by Cha has become a core value of Alibaba,” Ma added. “I have long admired Cha and he has been a source of deep inspiration for me. He will always be in my heart.”

    Former financial secretary John Tsang Chun-wah, also a keen martial arts enthusiast and Cha fan, expressed shock at the news.

              

    Cha and Alibaba chairman Jack Ma met in 2000 and remained good friends. Photo: Handout

              

    “It’s very saddening,” Tsang said. “I extend my condolences to his family. His passing is a great loss to the culture of Hong Kong, China and the world. He was probably the greatest epic writer of our time.”

    Tsang said he had personally met Cha several times, and kept a scrapbook of clippings of Cha’s work published in newspapers in the early 1960s.

              

    Cha founded the newspaper Ming Pao.

              

    “Cha will be remembered not just as a guru of martial arts novels but a giant comparable with William Shakespeare in his own right,” cultural critic and former Post writer Oliver Chou said.

    “No other Chinese authors would appeal so much to Chinese readers, regardless of dialects and political views. The late paramount leader, Deng Xiaoping, was said to have sent secret agents to get him a set of Cha’s novels in Hong Kong in the early 1980s.”

    Cha’s fame later earned him a meeting in 1981 with Deng, who reportedly told him: “We’re already old friends. I’ve read your novels.”

    Chou added: “In founding Ming Pao, Cha became an eminent opinion leader whose editorials were a must-read for Chinese readers, especially intellectuals, all over the world.”

              

    Works by Cha (left) were the source of inspiration for film, TV and radio producers. Photo: SCMP

              

    Cha’s novels were the source of inspiration for film, TV and radio producers, and deeply influenced the development of popular culture in Hong Kong over the past decades. Top movie stars, from Andy Lau Tak-wah to Jet Li Lianjie, starred in big-screen adaptations of his novels.


    Popular actor and Cha fan Adam Cheng, who has played numerous main characters from Cha’s novels in TV dramas, said: “You can call them works of historical fiction, but they’re more than that. You will be so absorbed in his writings that you believe those kung fu adventures actually happened in history.”

    Born in Hangzhou, Cha graduated from the Law School of Suzhou in 1948. To help support his studies, he began work in 1947 as a journalist and translator for the Ta Kung Pao newspaper in Shanghai. He came to Hong Kong in 1948 to work for the paper’s office in the city.

              

    An exhibition of Cha’s works at the Heritage Museum in Sha Tin. Photo: K. Y. Cheng

              

    In 1955, after leaving Ta Kung Pao, he began to write novels that were steeped in three main ethical traditions of China – Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism.

    His novels, and the world of the Chinese martial arts heroes they portrayed, were first opened to English readers in 1994.

    Cha admitted in an interview the same year that Western readers might find his novels hard to appreciate.

    “The reader may need some training in Chinese thinking to understand,” he said, describing his books as “traditional Chinese novels in their themes, morals, or philosophies”.

              

    Actor Andy Lau (left) in a TVB adaptation of Louis Cha’s “The Return of the Condor Heroes”. Photo: TVB

              

    “Martial arts for me are just an instrument, a sugar coating. They can be used as a way of expressing my artistic ideas,” Cha said.

    Those ideas, according to Cha, were distinctly anti-feudal and liberal.

    In 1959, the early success of his novels encouraged him to set up a small newspaper, reportedly with a staff of four, including himself. That was the birth of Ming Pao, now a leading Chinese-language daily. At the time, the main selling point of the paper was the serialisation of his novels.

              

    Cha (left) signing an autograph for Ma and others. Photo: Handout.

              

    In 1966, his editorials were critical of the country’s Cultural Revolution – he wrote that it threatened the destruction of Chinese culture and tradition.

    Cha was said to be on a list of prominent people being targeted for assassination that was published in left-wing newspapers during the 1967 riots in Hong Kong because of his critical stance against Beijing.

              

    Cha at the University of Hong Kong. Photo: SCMP

              

    After China and Britain struck a deal on Hong Kong’s 1997 handover, Cha was appointed by Beijing in 1985 as a member of the Basic Law Drafting Committee, with the weighty task of drawing up Hong Kong’s mini-constitution.

    Observers at the time believed he was probably hand-picked for his ability to balance conflicting views.

    But the widely admired writer stepped into controversy after he co-presented a conservative proposal for the city’s post-1997 political reforms.

              

    Cha (second from left) received many honours for his contributions to society, including an honorary degree from HKU. Photo: SCMP

              

    The proposal, which was eventually adopted partially by Beijing, suggested the first three Hong Kong chief executives should be elected by a “broadly representative” committee. Critics said that approach would greatly delay the timetable for universal suffrage.

    Former chairman of the Democratic Party, Albert Ho Chun-yan, said Cha had made a “big mistake”.

    “We see that he was willing to be used by Beijing to present that unpopular scheme which was widely believed to be from Beijing and not from himself – at the expense of his reputation,” Ho recalled. “He was a disappointment.”

              

    Cha wrote these words to Jack Ma. They read: “I would rather leave a treasure trove empty handed than forsake my integrity. Treasures can be left aside but honesty cannot be abandoned.” Photo: Handout

              

    Martin Lee Chu-ming, a veteran democrat who also sat on the Basic Law Drafting Committee, recalled that Cha was willing to listen to divergent views. “Mr Cha and I had discussed democracy before and he liked to talk about that,” Lee said.

    In recognition of his contributions to society, Cha was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1981 and awarded the city’s highest honour, the Grand Bauhinia Medal, in 2000.







    Additional reporting by Alvin Lum, Joyce Ng, Danny Mok, Su Xinqi, Gary Cheung, and Tony Cheung
    https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/soc ... s-cha-dies
              
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